Ibyingenzi Byo Kumenya

-Block; kubera ko muri iri somo ijambo block riragarukamo cyane reka turihe igisobanuro byumwihariko kugira ngo byorohe no gusobanura blockchain nkijambo riri tekinike cyane kandi ritamenyerewe mururimi rw’ikinyarwanda(block ni amakuru yahererekanwe mwikoranabuhanga ahita akora icyitwa block ‘’block turayita itafari” hanyuma iryo tafari rigahita rifunikwa nurukuta rukomeye(ibuye) rwitwa cryptography hash. noneho ukwo kwihuza kwamakuru(transaction)ndetse nigifuniko cyayo cyangwa urukuta rukomeye(ibuye) rwitwa cryptographic hash akaba aricyo kiba blocks cyangwa turaza kwita amatafari muri iyi nyandiko

- BlockChain Ni ikoranabuhanga (technology ‘’Tekinoloji’’) yifashishwa mukubika amakuru ndetse No Guhererekanya amafaranga muburyo Bwizewe Bikorewe Kuri Mudasobwa.

- BlockChain Ni Tekinoloji ibika amakuru muburyo bwayo Bwizewe Budahinduka Binyuze muri Sisitemu zayo za Code zitwa cryptography ndetse no Guhuriza Hamwe ibice biyagize Muburyo adashobora Gutakara, Bisobanuyeko iyo Amakuru cyangwa Ihererekanya Byageze Muri Blockchain Ntago ashobora Gihindurwa ngo asubire inyuma.

-Blockchain ni Urutirigongo rw' Imitungo Mvunjwafaranga nka Bitcoin na Ethereum ikaba igikoresho cyongererera abahererekanya iyi mitungo kurushaho kwizera umutekano , Gukorera mumucyo no kwizerana Hagati yabo Ndetse No mubindi bisata Bitari ibyubukungu Gusa.

Ese BlockChain Niki?

Blockchain ni Ububiko bw' amakuru Bwihariye  Ariko nanone igafatwa nkigitabo Gishobora kwandikwamo ningeri zitandukanye, Ikaba ihurijwe Kuri Mudasobwa nyinshi zitandukanye Kwisi Bikayiha rero Ubudahangarwa kuburyo Idashobora kwinjirwamo nabajura, Blockchain Kandi ikaba ibika amakuru muburyo Bwuruhererekane rw’amatafari ariko akomeye( Block chain), Akaba yubatse muburyo bwumvikana Kandi Buhawe Umutekano na Kode zayo zizwi nka Cryptography.

Blockchain bwambere yatangiye kubakwa ahagana mumwaka w' 1990 ubwo umuhanga mubijyanye na Mudasobwa Stuart Haber ndetse numuhanga mubijyanye nubugenge( Physics) W. Scott stornetta Bazanye bwambere Ubuhanga Bwa Tekinoloji ya Cryptography Yubakiye Kumatafari akomeye( Blocks) Nikimwe munzira zo Kubika amakuru muburyo Budashobora kwangirika .

Haber ndetse na Stornetta Bakururiye abandi Bahanga Mubijyanye na Mudasobwa ndetse nabandi Bose bari Basanzwe bafitiye Urukundo Tekinoloji ya Cryptography, Gutangira Urugendo rwerekeza Kugukora Umutungo wambere Mvunjwafaranga Wubakiye Kwikoranabuhanga ryabo rya Cryptography, Kwikubitiro Haje Kuboneka Bitcoin , Kuva Icyo Gihe Kugeza Nubu Tekinoloji ya BlockChain yagiye Yakirwa Gake Gake Ndetse Imitungo Mvunjwafaranga ( Cryptocurrencies) Irimo Gukoreshwa Numubare wabatari bake Kwisi Hose Kandi Umubare wabarikoresha urushaho Kwiyongera Cyane.

Nimugihe Blockchain yo Yifashishwa mukugenzura Ihererekanywa Ryiyi mitungo, Kandi rwose byamaze kugaragara ko Tekinoloji ya Block Chain ariyo iberanye no Kugenzura iri Hererekanya ndetse No Kubika Andi makuru Menshi atandukanye Biragaragara ko Blockchain Hazagenda hamenyekana Umumaro Wayo Hanavumburwa ibindi bintu Byinshi Ifite ubushobozi Bwo Gukora.

Ese Nigute Blockchain igenzura amakuru Ayigezemo?

Uruhererekane rw' amakuru muri BlockChain Ni Igitekerezo cyimbaraga zo Gufata umwanzuro wo Guhanahana amakuru Mubayikoresha mucyimbo cyuko Amakuru yagenzurwa Nikigo Runaka, BlockChain ntago igenzurwa numuntu umwe, ikigo Runaka cyangwa Guverinoma iyo ariyo yose , Ibi rero Bishobora Kuba ibyingenzi Cyane Mugihe Nkumuntu Yifuza kwihuza nabantu Batari abo Mugihugu cye Binyuze muguhererekanya amakuru Kandi Bifuza Guhererekanya amakuru Muburyo Bifuza , Blockchain ni Tekinoloji Yizewe Yo kuba yabikora.

Mwikoranabuhanga rya Blockchain ntawundi muhuza ukenewe Hagati yutanga amakuru ndetse nuyahabwa , Usibye ko Ihererekanywa ryamakuru rifatwa ayo makuru akabasha Kugera Kuwo Yagenewe Binyuze Kuri Mudasobwa zitandukanye mukwongera ubudahangarwa bwayo kuburyo ayo makuru adashobora nagato Kwinjirwamo nundi muntu atagenewe.

Iyo abantu  baganira kenshi kumikorere ya  Tekinoloji ya BlockChain, Inshuro nyinshi ntago Baganira Kububiko bw' amakuru gusa. Ikoranabuhanga rya BlockChain riha imbaraga imikorere ya Sisitemu zitandukanye nk' Imitungo Mvunjwafaranga ndetse Nimitungo nkoranabuhanga ikemerera abantu Gukorana ndetse no Guhererekanya Iyo Mitungo Hagati yabo Kandi badakeneye Rwose Umuhuza.

Ese BlockChain Ikora ite?

Blockchain nkipfundo, ni igitabo Cy'ikoranabuhanga kibika Kuburyo Bwizewe Ihererekanyamakuru Hagati yabantu babiri Muburyo adashobora kwangirika.

Iri hererekanyamakuru Riba rishamikiye Kurusobe Rwa za Mudasobwa kwitumanaho ryazo Rizwi nkamapfundo( Nodes).

Iyo umuntu Akoresha BlockChain mu Ihererekanyamakuru , Nko kwohereza umubare Runaka w' Imitungo Mvunjwafaranga( Crypto currencies) Kuri Mugenzi we  Iryo Hererekanya Rihita ritangazwa mu itumanaho Noneho Buri pfundo rikemeza urwo Ruhererekane Binyuze Mugusuzumana Ubushishozi ama Sinya Y' urwo Ruhererekane ndetse Nandi Makuru.

Iyo ihererekanya ryamaze Gusuzumwa, ryongerwa mumatafari( Blocks)  yamaze Gusuzumwa , Ayo matafari cyangwa Se Blocks ahurizwa hamwe Hifashishijwe uburyo Bwa   Cryptography Aribwo Bukoze BlockChain.

Urwo Rugendo Rwo Gusuzumana Ubushishozi Buri Gikorwa  Cyakozwe ndetse no Kucyongera Muri Block Chain Bikorwa Binyuze Mucyitwa "Consensus Mechanism"eg mining

Icyo nigikorwa Cyemeza Ko igikorwa Cyakozwe Kandi Kikarangira,Kigizwe namategeko agena uko Ihererekanyamakuru rigomba Gukorwa no Gusuzuma iryo Hererekanya.

Cryptography ni ingenzi cyane Kugirango Blockchain igume Yizewe Kandi ikorere Mumucyo Hirindwa ko Ihererekanya makuru ryagenda nabi.

Ese Bwaburyo amakuru ahabwa umutekano Bwa Consensus Mechanism Bukorwa Gute?

Ni uburyo bwemerera abakoresha Za Mudasobwa Guhuza Amagenamiterere atandukanye. Ni uburyo Kandi bugenzura Ibikorwa byose Bikorerwa muri Sisitemu.

Ubu buryo Rero Buba Bukenewe Cyane Muri Blockchain Kugira ngo Ibashe Kwizerwa Kuberanko Ntawundi Muhuza Uba Hagati Muri Blockchain kugirango agenzure Ihererekanyamakuru Kugirango ribe Ryizewe.

Kugirango Tekinoloji ya BlockChain yizerwe Hari Uburyo bwinshi bwa Consensus Mechanism Bukoreshwa Kugirango habeho kwemerwa kwa amapfundo atandukanye. Reka Turebe Bumwe Mubuhagarariye Ubundi.

Bumwe muburyo bwa Consensus Mechanism.

Ubwambere Buzwi nka Proof of work.

Ese Proof of work Niki?

Proof of Work ni uburyo bwo kwemeranya mu itumanaho rya BlockChain nyinshi Kugira ngo Hagenzurwe Ihererekanyamakuru ndetse nubunyangamugayo bwa Block Chain bugumeho , proof of Work ni Bumwe muburyo Bukoreshwa cyane na Blockchain.

Muri proof of work Abacukuzi Ba Blockchain barwana no Gukemura amahurizo akomeye baba bahawe yimibare Kugirango Bongererwe Indi mitungo, Iki Gikorwa cyubucukuzi Gisaba Umuriro ndetse nimbaraga zamamashini  Byo Kurwego Rwo Hejuru.

Abacukuzi Bakoresha Mudasobwa zo kurwego Rwo Hejuru kugirango Babashe Guhangana namahurizo akomeye y' imibare baba bahawe Kugirango bahabwe iyindi mitungo.

Indi Consensus Mechanism yitwa Proof Of Stake.

Proof of Stake  ni uburyo bwaje bugerageza kwerekana Ibibi bya Consensus Mechanism ya Proof of Work, Muri Proof of Stake Aho Kugirango Abacukuzi Bakore amahurizo akomeye y' imibare baba bahawe Kugirango bahabwe Igihembo, Bo Bahabwa Igihembo Bitewe Numubare w' Imitungo Mvunjwafaranga baba Babitse.

Muri make blockchain igizwe nibintu 3 byingenzi aribyo amakuru ahererekanwa agakora icyitwa block(itafari) hagakurikiraho cryptography ifunika ndetse ikanahuza blocks zikaba uruhererekane (chain) hagakurikiraho consensus mechanism (mining) yemeza ko iya makuru (transactions) ariyo koko kandi igikorwa cyagenze neza

Bimwe Mu byiza BlockChain Itanga.

1. Ikiza cyambere cya Block Chain

BlockChain Ni Tekinoloji ihereza amahirwe abantu Bose Guhererekanya amakuru uko bashaka Kandi badakeneye Rwose Umuhuza, Blockchain ikaba imwe muri Tekinoloji itagenzurwa nuwariwe wese.

2.  Blockchain ni Tekinoloji ikorera mumucyo.

3. Blockchain ni Tekinoloji ifite Ubudahangarwa kuko iyo ihererekanya ryamaze kuba ntamuntu ufite ubushobozi bwo kurisubiza inyuma nubwo Rwose Yaba ariwe Ubikoze.

4.  BlockChain Ni Tekinoloji Yizewe kubijyanye no Gukora muburyo Bwihuse, kuko idakenera Umuhuza nka Banki ushobora gutinza ihererekanya makuru.

5.  BlockChain Yorohereza Ihererekanyamakuru Kandi Bikaba Kugiciro Gito cyane Ugereranyije nubundi buryo abantu Bashobora Gukoresha Bahererekanya amakuru cyangwa amafaranga.

6. Blockchain ni Tekinoloji yizewe, kuko Ihererekanyamakuru rikorwa Mumucyo ntawundi muntu wo kwizerwa uhagazemo Hagati.

Amwe mumoko atandukanye Ya Blockchain.

1. ubwoko Bwambere bwitwa Public BlockChain ( Blockchain Rusange).

Ubu bwoko bwa Block chain bwemerera Uwariwe wese wifuza Kuyikoresha kuba Yayigeraho Bimworoheye akagira Ibikorwa Akoreramo.

Urugero Hano twafata ni Nka Bitcoin na Ethereum izi ni Blockchain Rusange umuntu wese ashobora Gukoresha.

2.Ubwoko Bwa kabiri Bwitwa Private Blockchain ( Block Chain idahuriweho).

Nkuko izina Ribisobanura ni blockchain Iba idafunguriwe abantu Bose Muruhame . Izi blockchain zidahuriweho Akenshi Uba usanga Zikoreshwa nibigo Runaka , Nka Kompanyi Runaka Igakoreshwa Kunyungu zikigo ariko Imbere Mukigo.

3. Ubwoko Bwa Gatatu ni iyitwa Consortium Blockchain.

Consortium Blockchain ni ubwoko Bwa Blockchain ikoresha ubwoko Bwambere Igakoresha nubwa kabiri Ibuhurije Hamwe , Ibigo Bitandukanye Bishobora kubaka Tekinoloji ya BlockChain ihuriweho ikaba ihuriweho ariko Aribo Bayigenzura, Itumanaho ryayo Riba rishobora kuba ryafungwa cyangwa rigafungurwa Bitewe na Gahunda y' ikigo gusa nanone Bagendeye Kugikenewe Nabemerewe Kuyikoresha.

Amategeko namabwiriza Ayigenga agira ukuntu yoroshywa Kuburyo buriwese Ashobora kuyikoresha Bitamugoye.

Ibitekerezo Bisoza( Closing Thoughts)

Ese Block chain mubyukuri ifasha Mugukora Iki?

Mugihe Blockchain yariri mubihe byayo byo Gutangira nubundi yagiye igaragaza ko ifite ibintu Byinshi ishobora Gukora, Nko Gufasha nka Tekinoloji zarimo Zaduka Twavuga nka :

1. Cryptocurrencies:

Tekinoloji ya Block Chain kimwe mubyo Yakorewe Gufasha ni ihangwa n' ishyirwa mubikorwa Ry' Igitekerezo cyo Gukora Crypto currencies ( Imitungo Mvunjwafaranga), ino Mitungo ikayikoresha nkahantu Hizewe Ho Gukorera ikaba n' Igitabo Cy' Ikoranabuhanga Gishobora Gusomwa n' umuntu Uwariwe wese akaba yanagera Kuri iyo mitungo.

2. Umwirondoro nkoranabuhanga ( Digital identity).

Block chain ishobora Gukoreshwa Nugukora umwirondoro nkoranabuhanga (Digital identity) ndetse no Kugenzura umwirondoro wumuntu Runaka Ibi bikaba Bigaragara ko Bifite Umumaro cyane Kuko umwirondoro w' umuntu biba bishobora ko Yawusanga Kwikoranabuhanga nawo akawutunga nkutunze Umutungo nkoranabuhanga.

3.Amatora.

BlockChain Ni Tekinoloji Ishobora kwifashishwa mugukora Sisitemu y'amatora anyuze mumucyo.

4.Ubugenzuzi bw' uruhererekane rwo Kugura no Kugurisha.

Blockchain ni Tekinoloji Ishobora kwifashishwa mukugenzura uruhererekane rw' Ibikorwa byo Kugura no Kugurisha, Hakorwa Umurongo wizewe ndetse udashobora kwinjirwamo Nuwariwe wese ngo ahungabanye Ubucuruzi.

5. Amasezerano nkoranabuhanga ( Smart contracts).

Bimwe mubyo Blockchain ishobora Gukoreshwa, Ni ugukora Amasezerano nkoranabuhanga ( Smart contracts), Mu Isi tugezemo ntago Gukorana n' umuntu Runaka singombwa ko Muba muri kumwe cyangwa muri Mugihugu Kimwe, Bimwe Mubyo Blockchain yoroheje ni Ugukorana amazerano Muburyo Bworoshye ukaba wakorana n' umuntu bitagombeye ko muba muri Hamwe.

Tugana K' umusozo Blockchain ni imwe muri Tekinoloji itanga inzira Yizewe Kandi itunganye mugufata no Guhererekanya amakuru ndetse no Kuyabika icyarimwe.

Ifite ubushobozi bwo Guhindura uburyo ibintu bisanzwe bikorwamo bikaba Byakorwa Mubundi Buryo Kandi ikazana ikizere cyo Kurwego Rwo Hejuru Kubayikoresha.

Nimugihe ifasha muguhererekanya amafaranga umuntu kuwundi badakeneye Umuhuza , Gukora Indi mitungo Mvunjwafaranga Mishya no Gufasha izindi Tekinoloji zitandukanye.

Uko Tekinoloji igenda itera imbere Niko BlockChain igenda Yakirwa ahantu Henshi, Kandi twakitega udushya twinshi tuzazanwa nayo.

Ese wowe Niki wungukiye Muri iri somo Kubijyanye na Block Chain? Dusangize ikindi Gitekerezo bigendanye nibyo nawe wakozeho Ubushakashatsi.

Aya makuru dutanze ni ayingenzi kugira ngo ubone aho uhera ukora ubushakashatsi kugiti cyawe!uramutse wifuza kumenya byinshi kuri cryptocurrencies na blockchain watwandikira kuri email info@intogore.com cyangwa ukatwandikira kuri twitter @intogorefintech

# Intogore Fintech

# Blockchain

# Block Chain Article .

Edited and Published by DUKUNDANE Chretien